Smear layer and debris removal from dentinal tubules using different irrigation protocols. Advantages of smear layer in endodontics reduction of dentin permeability to toxins and oral fluids. Bacterial penetration of dentinal tubules is prevented. No one single irrigant has the ability to kill microorganisms, dissolve.
According to mader et al, the smear layer consists of a superficial layer on the surface of the canal wall approximately 1 to 2. The smear layer was first described by mccomb and smith, who demonstrated the presence of an organic layer containing apatite particles on the enamel surface caused by heat generated during cutting. The smear layer is created on hard tissues of the teeth whenever they are cut with hand or rotary instruments. Various types of solvents will produce different results in smear layer removal. Pdf during mechanical preparation, the use of hand or rotary instruments results in the production of considerable amount of smear layer. It can prevent the penetration of intracanal medicaments into.
It was found that the smear layer removal enhances the fluidtight seal of root canal system. The smear layer in endodontics linkedin slideshare. The thickness of the smear layer may vary from tooth to tooth according to several factors including. Smear layer may thus present a passage for substances to leak around or through its particles at the interface between the filling material and the tooth structure. Reduction of diffusion usually inwards by convection and outwards by hydrostatic pressure of fluids and prevents wetness of cut dentin surface. A forward search was undertaken on selected articles and using some author names.
Clinical implications of the smear layer in endodontics. Root canal instrumentation produces a layer of organic and inorganic material called the smear layer that may also contain bacteria and their byproducts. It has been recognized for many years that root canal instrumentation produces a smear layer that covers the surfaces of prepared canal walls. Smear layer is a controversial topic in the field of operative dentistry and. In endodontics, the smear layer term was used to describe the amorphous and irregular particles that resulted from root canal instrumentation and covered all instrumented surfaces of the prepared root canals. Root canal instrumentation produces a layer of organic and inorganic material called the smear layer. A more recent 2012 survey reported 77% of endodontists routinely removed the smear layer prior to obturation 19. There are three main methods to remove smear layer. A superficial layer that covers the dentinal wall and a smear plug which occludes that dentinal tubules.